S&S: hot flushes (arterial vasodilatation), tachycardia and, at higher doses, decreased cardiac inotropy and bradycardia. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMSīradycardia and hypotension are the most common effects alsoĬalcium channel blockers: act by blocking calcium to relax arterial smooth muscle and block channels in the pericardium. S&S: headache, palpitations, weakness, dizziness.īeta-adrenergic blockers: for hypertension, arrhythmia, migraine.Įxamples: Atenolol, Metoprolol, Nadolol, Propranolol. Examples: Doxazosin, Prazosin, Terazosin. Vital signs: Hyperthermia, tachycardia, hypertension, tachypnoea, increased pulse pressure, diaphoresis, tremors, hyperreflexia and convulsions.Īlpha-adrenergic blockers: hinder the action of noradrenaline, allowing the vessels to remain open.Mental state: Hyper-alarm, agitation, hallucinations, paranoia.SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF TOXICOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES These are usually stimulants, which cause SYMPHATOMETICS: substances that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. sympathomimetic agents and adrenergic blockers.The categories may overlap but, in general, they are divided into Toxicological emergencies: Toxidromes (TOXIc + synDROMES) Medical abuse of minors through forcible ingestion in young children, particularly those under one year of age, should always be considered. Intentional poisoning includes child abuse in young children and suicide attempts in older children/adolescents. The index of suspicion should be elevated if the child is in the ‘at risk’ age group (1-4 years) and/or has a previous history of ingestion.ĬHILD HEALTH: LEARN MORE ABOUT MEDICHILD BY VISITING THE BOOTH AT EMERGENCY EXPO Exposure to toxic substances must be taken into account when children with Intervention in paediatric toxicological emergencies: exposure to toxic substances frequently occurs in childrenĬommon patterns of paediatric poisoning consist of exploratory ingestions in children under 6 years of age and intentional ingestion and recreational drug use in older children and adolescents.
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